Common Questionsabout Orthodontics

Orthodontics is a specialist branch of dentistry aimed at producing ideal tooth alignment, improvement in the bite (occlusion) and good positioning of the teeth, lips and jaws within the face to produce improved facial aesthetics.

Early orthodontic treatment at the age of 7–10 years can benefit in a few situations such as:

• The correction of crossbites
• Management of eruption problems
• Correction of incisor protrusion with functional appliances if there is significant psychological distress

The usual age to commence orthodontic treatment is when all the baby (primary) teeth have exfoliated. This time point can vary widely between individuals but is usually between 11–14 years.

You are never too old for orthodontic treatment. Tooth movement with orthodontic appliances can be achieved at any age. It is important that all dental disease is stabilised before commencing treatment. Your orthodontist can advise you about what is required.

A wide range of appliances are available including conventional systems and more discreet invisible lingual appliances. Please see the section on appliances for further details.

Orthodontic treatment can often be provided without extracting teeth. Dental extractions are required, however, if there is significant crowding and/or incisor protrusion. The relative advantages and disadvantages of extraction will be discussed with you during your consultation.

There are few risks in orthodontic treatment. Dental decay (caries) can occur around orthodontic appliances if oral hygiene is not maintained and if there is a high frequency of sugar intake in between meals and before bedtime. We will advise you if your cleaning is not optimal before such problems occur. Advice will also be given how to clean your teeth with appliances in situ. It is important that you follow this advice.

It is normal for the roots of teeth to shorten (root resorption) by 1–2 mm during treatment. It is extremely rare for this to cause any long-term detrimental effects.

If retainers are not worn after treatment there is a risk of the teeth drifting to their start position. This is termed relapse.

Brace adjustments are usually undertaken every 6–8 weeks. If there are breakages then additional appointments may be required.

Orthodontic treatment is provided on the National Health Service (NHS) to those under the age of 18 years who meet nationally agreed criteria based upon the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Treatment can at present be provided to those with a Dental Health and Aesthetic grading of 3.6 or more.

Orthodontic treatment generally involves 12-18 months of treatment. The cost for orthodontics includes all the treatment, repair of breakages (to an acceptable limit), provision of retainers and their supervision for one year after appliance removal. Treatment costs do not include the cost of any treatment provided by your family dentist before, during or after orthodontics.